ARRIVE Guidelines
ARRIVE (Animal Research: Reporting of In Vivo Experiments) is a guideline for improving the reporting of animal research to increase transparency and reproducibility.
1Detailed Explanation
ARRIVE was developed by the NC3Rs (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement & Reduction of Animals in Research) and published in 2010. The checklist includes 20 items essential for reporting. Key elements include: title (with species and population), abstract, introduction (scientific background, rationale, 3Rs compliance), methods (ethical statement, procedures, sample size, randomization, blinding, outcome measures), results (numbers analyzed, baseline data, adverse events), discussion (interpretation, limitations, generalizability, funding), and other information (protocol registration, data availability, conflicts of interest). ARRIVE 2.0 (2020) simplified the guideline into essential and recommended sets.
2Examples
- A.An animal study following ARRIVE by including a flow diagram and reporting all procedures with sufficient detail for replication
- B.A preclinical stroke study adhering to ARRIVE by describing randomization, blinding, and sample size calculation
3Why It Matters in Research
Major journals including Nature, Science, and BMJ require ARRIVE compliance for animal research. Incomplete reporting of animal studies has been widely documented and hinders translation to human research.
Related Journal Format Guides
Journals that commonly use ARRIVE Guidelines in their manuscripts
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