Reporting Guidelines

CONSORT Statement

CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) is a guideline that provides a minimum set of recommendations for reporting randomized controlled trials.

Check Your Manuscript

1Detailed Explanation

The CONSORT statement was first published in 1996 and has been updated multiple times, with the most recent version in 2010 (CONSORT 2010). It includes a 25-item checklist and a flow diagram. Key elements include: trial design, participants, interventions, outcomes, sample size, randomization, blinding, statistical methods, recruitment, numbers analyzed, outcomes and estimation, harms, and discussion limitations. Extensions exist for specific trial types: cluster RCTs, non-inferiority/equivalence trials, pragmatic trials, and pilot trials. Most major medical journals require CONSORT compliance, and many require submission of the flow diagram.

2Examples

  • A.CONSORT flow diagram showing 500 patients assessed for eligibility, 200 randomized, 100 per arm, with complete follow-up at 12 months
  • B.A non-inferiority trial reported following the CONSORT extension for non-inferiority trials

3Why It Matters in Research

CONSORT is mandatory for RCT publication in most major medical journals. Incomplete reporting is a common reason for desk rejection. Familiarity with CONSORT is essential for both writing and reviewing RCTs.

4Related Terms

Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT)Clinical Trial Registration

Related Journal Format Guides

Journals that commonly use CONSORT Statement in their manuscripts

NEJM(N Engl J Med)
View guide →
JAMA(JAMA)
View guide →
The Lancet(Lancet)
View guide →
BMJ(BMJ)
View guide →

Master Medical Writing with SciPaperX

Get AI-powered assistance with CONSORT Statement and all aspects of medical manuscript preparation.

Free Manuscript CheckUnlock All Skills